Kungekudala, ingxelo yomsebenzi karhulumente yeeseshoni ezimbini ibeka phambili injongo yophuhliso yokukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo entsha yamandla, ukubonelela ngesikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo ogunyazisiweyo wokukhuthaza ubugcisa bokugcina amandla ekukhanyeni kwelizwe kunye nokukhuthazwa kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa amandla aluhlaza.
Phakathi kwazo, izibane ezintsha zokukhanyisa amandla ezingadibanisi kwigridi yamandla orhwebo kwaye zisebenzise izixhobo zokuvelisa umbane ozimeleyo ukubonelela ngezicelo zamandla zibe lilungu elibalulekileyo lenkqubo entsha yamandla.Ziye zaba ziimveliso eziyimfuneko kumasebe olawulo lwezibane zasezidolophini kunye nabathengi bokukhanya ukuze bafikelele kwiindleko zokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye zikwayindlela yophuhliso oluphambili lobuchwepheshe bokukhanya okuluhlaza kwixesha elizayo.
Ke, zeziphi iindlela zophuhliso lwangoku kwibala lokukhanya okutsha kwamandla?Yeyiphi imikhwa abahambelana nayo?Ukuphendula oku, i-Zhongzhao Net ibonise iindlela ezishushu kwiimarike ezine ezinkulu zokukhanyisa amandla amatsha kwiminyaka yamuva kwaye yahlalutya ubudlelwane babo kunye neenzuzo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokungonakali kwisicelo kunye nokuthandwa, ukubonelela ngesalathiso sokubhekiselele ekufezekiseni ukonga amandla kunye nokuphumelela. iinjongo zophuhliso lwekhabhoni ephantsi kwishishini lokukhanyisa.
Izibane zeSolar
Ngokunyuka kokuncipha kobutyebi boMhlaba kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zotyalo-mali zemithombo yamandla esisiseko, iingozi ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko kunye nongcoliseko zikho kuyo yonke indawo.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, phantsi kwemfuno enzulu yamandla okukhanyisa acocekileyo kunye nombane wokukhanya ophantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi kuwo onke amacandelo oluntu, ukukhanya kwelanga kuye kwavela, kwaba yindlela yokuqala yokukhanyisa i-off-grid yexesha elitsha lamandla.
Izixhobo zokukhanyisa zelanga ziguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla obushushu ukuze kuveliswe umphunga, othi ke uguqulwe ube ngamandla ombane ngejenereyitha ize igcinwe ebhetrini.Emini, iphaneli yelanga ifumana i-radiation yelanga kwaye iyiguqulele kwimveliso yamandla ombane, egcinwe kwibhetri ngokusebenzisa isilawuli sokukhupha intlawulo;ebusuku, xa ukukhanya kuncipha ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwi-101 lux kwaye i-voltage yesiphaluka evulekileyo yepaneli yelanga imalunga ne-4.5V, umlawuli we-charge-discharge ufumanisa eli xabiso lombane kunye nebhetri ekhutshwayo ukunika amandla ombane afunekayo kumthombo wokukhanya. isibane kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhanyisa.
Xa kuthelekiswa nofakelo olunzima lwezibane ezidityanisiweyo zegridi, izixhobo zokukhanyisa zelanga zangaphandle azidingi i-wiring enzima.Ngethuba nje isiseko se-cement senziwe kwaye sigxininiswe nge-screws yensimbi engenasici, ukufakwa kulula;xa kuthelekiswa nemirhumo ephezulu yombane kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulondolozwa kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa ezidityaniswe kwigridi, izixhobo zokukhanyisa zelanga ezinamandla aphezulu azikwazi ukufikelela kuphela kwiindleko zombane zero kodwa zingabikho iindleko zokulondoloza.Bafuna kuphela intlawulo yexesha elinye lokuthenga kunye neendleko zokufakela.Ukongeza, izibane zokukhanya kwelanga ziyimveliso ye-ultra-low voltage, esebenzayo ekhuselekileyo kwaye inokwethenjelwa, ngaphandle kweengozi zokhuseleko lwezixhobo zokukhanyisa ezixhunyiwe kwigridi ezibangelwa ukuguga kwezinto zesekethe kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla okungaqhelekanga.
Ngenxa yeenzuzo zeendleko zezoqoqosho eziziswe kukukhanya kwelanga, iye yavelisa iifomu ezahlukeneyo zezicelo, ukusuka kwizibane ezisebenza ngamandla amakhulu ezitalatweni kunye nezibane zasentendelezweni ukuya kwizicelo zangaphandle ezifana nezibane zesignali zamandla aphakathi kunye namancinci, izibane zengca, izibane zembonakalo yomhlaba, izibane zokuchonga, izinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane. izibane, kunye nezixhobo zokukhanyisa zangaphakathi zasendlini, kunye nenkxaso yobuchwepheshe bokukhanya kwelanga.Phakathi kwazo, izibane zesitalato zelanga zezona zifunwa kakhulu kwizibane zelanga kwimarike yangoku.
Ngokwedatha yohlalutyo olugunyazisiweyo, ngo-2018, imakethi yokukhanya ezitalatweni yelanga yasekhaya yayixabisa i-16.521 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, enyuke yaya kutsho kwi-24.65 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2022, ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka esimalunga ne-10%.Ngokusekwe kulo mkhwa wokukhula kwemarike, kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2029, ubungakanani bokukhanya kwesitrato sokukhanya kwelanga bufikelele kwi-45.32 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.
Ukusuka kwimbono yemarike yehlabathi, uhlalutyo lwedatha olugunyazisiweyo lukwabonisa ukuba umlinganiselo wehlabathi wezibane zelanga ezitalatweni ufikelele kwi-50 yezigidigidi zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2021, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ufikelele kwi-300 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2023. Phakathi kwabo, umthamo wemarike wamandla amatsha anjalo. iimveliso zokukhanyisa e-Afrika ziye zanda ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka kwi-2021 ukuya kwi-2022, ngokukhula kofakelo lwe-30% kule minyaka mibini.Kunokubonwa ukuba izibane zelanga ezitalatweni zinokuzisa ukukhula koqoqosho oluqinileyo kwimimandla engaphuhliswanga kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ngokomlinganiselo weshishini, ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezingaphelelanga kuphando lweshishini, kukho i-8,839 iyonke yabavelisi bezibane zasezitalatweni zelanga kwilizwe lonke.Phakathi kwabo, iPhondo laseJiangsu, elinenani elikhulu labavelisi abangama-3,843, likwindawo ephezulu ngomda omkhulu;ilandelwa ngokusondeleyo liPhondo laseGuangdong.Kulo mkhwa wophuhliso, iZhongshan Guzhen kwiPhondo laseGuangdong kunye neYangzhou Gaoyou, Changzhou, kunye neDanyang kwiPhondo laseJiangsu ziye zaba ziziseko ezine eziphezulu zokuvelisa ukukhanya kwezitalato zelanga ngokwemilinganiselo yelizwe lonke.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba amashishini okukhanyisa asekhaya awaziwayo afana ne-Opple Lighting, i-Ledsen Lighting, i-Foshan Lighting, i-Yaming Lighting, i-Yangguang Lighting, i-SanSi, kunye namashishini okukhanyisa amazwe ngamazwe angena kwimarike yasekhaya njenge-Xinuo Fei, i-OSRAM, kunye noMbane Jikelele. Uyilo oluchubekileyo lwentengiso yezibane zelanga ezitalatweni kunye nezinye iimveliso zezibane zelanga.
Nangona izixhobo zokukhanyisa ilanga ziye zazisa amandla amakhulu emarike ngenxa yokungabikho kweendleko zombane, ubunzima babo bokuyila kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa ngenxa yesidingo samacandelo amaninzi okuxhasa umsebenzi wabo xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokukhanyisa ezixhunyiwe kwigridi zenza amaxabiso azo aphezulu.Okubaluleke ngakumbi, izibane zokukhanya kwelanga zisebenzisa imowudi yamandla eguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla obushushu kwaye emva koko abe ngamandla ombane, nto leyo ekhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla ngeli xesha lenkqubo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ngokwendalo kwaye ikwachaphazela ukusebenza kokukhanya kwinqanaba elithile.
Ngaphantsi kweemfuno ezisebenzayo ezinjalo, iimveliso zokukhanya kwelanga kufuneka ziguquke kwiifom ezintsha zokusebenza kwixesha elizayo ukuze ziqhubeke nomfutho wazo oqinileyo wemarike.
UkuKhanya kwePhotovoltaic
Ukukhanya kwe-Photovoltaic kunokuthiwa yinguqu ephuculweyo yokukhanya kwelanga ngokweempawu zokusebenza.Olu hlobo lokukhanya lubonelela ngamandla ngokwawo ngokuguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane.Isixhobo sayo esisisiseko sisixhobo sokukhanya selanga, esinokuguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane, agcinwe kwiibhetri, emva koko abonelele ngokukhanya ngokusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya ye-LED exhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulawula ukukhanya.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezibane zelanga ezifuna ukuguqulwa kwamandla kabini, izibane zokukhanyisa i-photovoltaic zifuna kuphela ukuguqulwa kwamandla kube kanye, ngoko zinezixhobo ezimbalwa, iindleko zokuvelisa eziphantsi, kwaye ngenxa yoko amaxabiso aphantsi, okwenza kube luncedo ngakumbi kwi-applicationization.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngenxa yokunciphisa amanyathelo okuguqula amandla, izixhobo zokukhanyisa i-photovoltaic zinokukhanya okungcono kunokukhanya kwelanga.
Ngeenzuzo zobuchwephesha, ngokwedatha yohlalutyo olugunyazisiweyo, ukusukela kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-2021, umthamo odibeneyo ofakiweyo wemveliso yokukhanyisa i-photovoltaic e-China ufikelele kwi-kilowatts yezigidi ezingama-27.Kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2025, ubungakanani bemarike yokukhanya kwe-photovoltaic buya kudlula i-6.985 yebhiliyoni ye-yuan, ukuphumeza uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwempumelelo kweli candelo loshishino.Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngomlinganiselo onjalo wokukhula kwemarike, i-China iye yaba ngumvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi wezinto ezikhanyayo ze-photovoltaic, ezithatha ngaphezu kwe-60% yesabelo semarike yehlabathi.
Nangona ineenzuzo ezibalaseleyo kunye nethemba elithembisayo lemarike, izicelo zokukhanyisa i-photovoltaic nazo zineentsilelo ezibonakalayo, phakathi kwazo imozulu kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo zizinto eziphambili ezinempembelelo.Imozulu eguquguqukayo kunye nemvula okanye iimeko zasebusuku aziphumeleli nje ukuvelisa umbane owaneleyo kodwa zenza kube nzima ukunika amandla okukhanya okwaneleyo kwimithombo yokukhanyisa, echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kweepaneli ze-photovoltaic kunye nokunciphisa ukuzinza kwenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ubomi bemithombo yokukhanya kwizilungiso.
Ngoko ke, izibane zokukhanyisa i-photovoltaic kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuguqula amandla amaninzi ukuze kuhlawulwe iingxaki zokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-photovoltaic kwiindawo ezimnyama, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwesikali esikhulayo semarike.
Umoya kunye neSolar Complementary Lighting
Ngexesha apho imboni yokukhanyisa ididekile kukulinganiselwa kwamandla
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-08-2024